Responsibilities of the system administrator

The responsibilities of system administrators are very broad and varied. These include: security+

Maintenance of computer, office and office equipment:

Repair of used equipment

Keeping all PCs running smoothly and troubleshooting

Assistance to staff members working with PCs and office equipment, e-mail, etc. in case of difficulties

Updating and purchasing the necessary equipment and their components

Ensuring the normal operation of the operating systems used and a set of working programs (Windows OS, MS Office, etc.):

Installing and configuring software for correct operation

Timely update of the required software

Ensuring information security and protection against hacker attacks and spam

Create backup copies of data, delete and restore them if necessary

Organization of a computer network

Network setting 

Setting up network equipment

Ensuring operability 

Securing your network

Network expansion

Working with user accounts

Creating and deleting accounts

Formatting / editing accounts

System administrator skills, knowledge and tasks 

Knowledge of TCP / IP

Ability to work with web servers (Apache, Ngninx, IIS)

Understanding the OSI Model

Knowledge of operating systems Unix / Linux, Windows

Skill and experience of management, administration of MySQL and MySql Workbench, Oracle databases and knowledge of their syntax

Knowledge of frontend and backend architecture

Knowledge of control and tracking systems: Cacti, Munin, Nagios, Zabbix

Skill to diagnose and analyze problem areas

Ability to recognize the consequence / reasons for incorrect operation of software or technology.

Network traffic analysis

Network infrastructure security analysis

Knowledge of tools for network security testing Burp Suite, Metasploit, Nmap, etc.

Knowledge of the mail and file services of the main OS

Work with local documentation and progress reports

Types of system administrators

System administrators can have a narrow focus and general (so-called generalists). System administrators with a general specialization are versed in various issues related to PC maintenance, and such specialists are most in demand in non-IT companies. It is more difficult for sysadmins with a narrow specialization to find a job, however, such specialists can solve the most complex problems and may be in demand in IT companies.

Types and types of system administrators:

Web server administrator (in fact, this is the minimum knowledge of how to configure Apach, Nginx or IIS) 

Network administrator (more biased in networking - working with routers, VPN settings, etc.)

Network Security Administrator (anti-intrusion bias, running scanners to detect vulnerabilities, installing updates, etc.)

Administrator of mail servers (specializes in maintaining the health of mail servers, protecting users from unwanted messages, backing up, working with quotas, etc.)